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</style><table class="infobox vevent"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above summary">ADO.NET</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="Programmer" title="Programmer">Developer(s)</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="Microsoft" title="Microsoft">Microsoft</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="Operating_system" title="Operating system">Operating system</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="Microsoft_Windows" title="Microsoft Windows">Microsoft Windows</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="Software_categories#Categorization_approaches" title="Software categories">Type</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="Software_framework" title="Software framework">Software framework</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="Software_license" title="Software license">License</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="Proprietary_software" title="Proprietary software">Proprietary software</a> (<a href="Base_Class_Library" class="mw-redirect" title="Base Class Library">BCL</a> portion under <a href="MIT_license" class="mw-redirect" title="MIT license">MIT license</a>; source code under <a href="Ms-RSL" class="mw-redirect" title="Ms-RSL">Ms-RSL</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://docs.microsoft.com/dotnet/framework/data/adonet/">docs<wbr>.microsoft<wbr>.com<wbr>/dotnet<wbr>/framework<wbr>/data<wbr>/adonet<wbr>/</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table>

<p><b>ADO.NET</b> is a <a href="Data_access" title="Data access">data access</a> technology from the <a href="Microsoft" title="Microsoft">Microsoft</a> <a href=".NET_Framework" title=".NET Framework">.NET Framework</a> and <a href=".NET" title=".NET">.NET</a><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> that provides communication between relational and non-relational systems through a common set of components.<sup id="cite_ref-ADO_overview_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ADO_overview-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

ADO.NET is a set of computer software components that programmers can use to access data and data services from a database. It is a part of the <a href="Base_Class_Library" class="mw-redirect" title="Base Class Library">base class library</a> that is included with the Microsoft .NET Framework. It is commonly used by programmers to access and modify data stored in <a href="Relational_DBMS" class="mw-redirect" title="Relational DBMS">relational database systems</a>, though it can also access data in non-relational data sources. ADO.NET is sometimes considered an evolution of <a href="ActiveX_Data_Objects" title="ActiveX Data Objects">ActiveX Data Objects</a> (ADO) technology, but was changed so extensively that it can be considered an entirely new product.

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Architecture">Architecture</h2></div>

<p>ADO.NET is conceptually divided into consumers and data providers.<sup id="cite_ref-ADO_arch_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ADO_arch-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The consumers are the applications that need access to the data, and the providers are the software components that implement the interface and thereby provide the data to the consumer.

</p><p>Functionality exists in <a href="Microsoft_Visual_Studio" class="mw-redirect" title="Microsoft Visual Studio">Visual Studio</a> IDE to create specialized subclasses of the DataSet classes for a particular <a href="Database_schema" title="Database schema">database schema</a>, allowing convenient access to each field in the schema through strongly typed <a href="Property_(programming)" title="Property (programming)">properties</a>. This helps catch more programming errors at compile-time and enhances the IDE's <a href="Intellisense" class="mw-redirect" title="Intellisense">Intellisense</a> feature.

</p><p>A <i>provider</i> is a software component that interacts with a <a href="Database" title="Database">data source</a>. ADO.NET data providers are analogous to <a href="ODBC_driver" class="mw-redirect" title="ODBC driver">ODBC drivers</a>, <a href="JDBC_driver" title="JDBC driver">JDBC drivers</a>, and <a href="OLE_DB_provider" class="mw-redirect" title="OLE DB provider">OLE DB providers</a>.

</p><p>ADO.NET providers can be created to access such simple data stores as a text file and spreadsheet, through to such complex databases as <a href="Oracle_Database" title="Oracle Database">Oracle Database</a>, <a href="Microsoft_SQL_Server" title="Microsoft SQL Server">Microsoft SQL Server</a>, <a href="MySQL" title="MySQL">MySQL</a>, <a href="PostgreSQL" title="PostgreSQL">PostgreSQL</a>, <a href="SQLite" title="SQLite">SQLite</a>, <a href="IBM_Db2" title="IBM Db2">IBM Db2</a>, <a href="Adaptive_Server_Enterprise" title="Adaptive Server Enterprise">Sybase ASE</a>, and many others. They can also provide access to hierarchical data stores such as email systems.

</p><p>Third-party ADO.NET-based providers, such as <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.capterra.com/p/233709/dotConnect-ADO-NET-Providers/">dotConnect</a>, further enhance this model by introducing additional classes and extended functionality beyond the standard ADO.NET implementation. These providers not only optimize data access and performance but also offer developers advanced capabilities for building custom connectors. Such connectors can integrate seamlessly with external systems, including CRM platforms, accounting applications, and e-commerce solutions, enabling efficient, automated data exchange and streamlining complex business workflows.

</p><p>Because different data store technologies can have different capabilities, every ADO.NET provider cannot implement every possible interface available in the ADO.NET standard. Microsoft describes the availability of an interface as "provider-specific," as it may not be applicable depending on the data store technology involved. Providers may augment the capabilities of a data store; these capabilities are known as "services" in Microsoft parlance.

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Object-relational_mapping">Object-relational mapping</h2></div>

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</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="Object-relational_mapping" class="mw-redirect" title="Object-relational mapping">Object-relational mapping</a></div>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Entity_Framework">Entity Framework</h3></div>

<div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="Entity_Framework" title="Entity Framework">Entity Framework</a></div>

<p>Entity Framework (EF) is an open source object-relational mapping (ORM) framework for ADO.NET, part of .NET Framework. It is a set of technologies in ADO.NET that supports the development of data-oriented software applications. Architects and developers of data-oriented applications have typically struggled with the need to achieve two very different objectives. The Entity Framework enables developers to work with data in the form of domain-specific objects and properties, such as customers and customer addresses, without having to concern themselves with the underlying database tables and columns where this data is stored. With the Entity Framework, developers can work at a higher level of abstraction when they deal with data, and can create and maintain data-oriented applications with less code than in traditional applications.

</p>

<div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="LINQ_to_SQL" class="mw-redirect" title="LINQ to SQL">LINQ to SQL</a></div>

<p>LINQ to SQL (formerly called DLINQ) allows <a href="LINQ" class="mw-redirect" title="LINQ">LINQ</a> to be used to query Microsoft SQL Server databases, including SQL Server Compact databases. Since SQL Server data may reside on a remote server, and because SQL Server has its own query engine, it does not use the query engine of LINQ. Instead, the LINQ query is converted to a SQL query that is then sent to SQL Server for processing. Since SQL Server stores the data as relational data and LINQ works with data encapsulated in objects, the two representations must be mapped to one another. For this reason, LINQ to SQL also defines a mapping framework. The mapping is done by defining classes that correspond to the tables in the database, and containing all or a certain subset of the columns in the table as data members.

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div>

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</style><cite id="CITEREFDavid-Engel" class="citation web cs1">David-Engel. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/sql/connect/ado-net/microsoft-ado-net-sql-server?view=sql-server-ver17">"Microsoft ADO.NET - ADO.NET Provider for SQL Server"</a>. <i>learn.microsoft.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2025-06-23</span></span>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-ADO_overview-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ADO_overview_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/framework/data/adonet/ado-net-overview">"ADO.NET Overview"</a>. <i>docs.microsoft.com</i>. Microsoft<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 September</span> 2017</span>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-ADO_arch-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ADO_arch_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/framework/data/adonet/ado-net-architecture">"ADO.NET Architecture"</a>. <i>docs.microsoft.com</i>. Microsoft<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 September</span> 2017</span>.</cite></span>

</li>

</ol></div></div>

<ul><li><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/27y4ybxw.aspx">"ADO.NET Architecture"</a>. <i><a href="MSDN" class="mw-redirect" title="MSDN">MSDN</a></i>. <a href="Microsoft" title="Microsoft">Microsoft</a>. 2012-08-02<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 July</span> 2013</span>.</cite></li>

<li><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/a6cd7c08.aspx">".NET Framework Data Providers"</a>. <i><a href="MSDN" class="mw-redirect" title="MSDN">MSDN</a></i>. <a href="Microsoft" title="Microsoft">Microsoft</a>. 2012-08-20<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 July</span> 2013</span>.</cite></li>

<li><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/data/dd363565">"ADO.NET Data Providers"</a>. <i>Data Developer Center</i>. <a href="Microsoft" title="Microsoft">Microsoft</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 July</span> 2013</span>.</cite></li></ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2></div>

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<div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikibooks has a book on the topic of: <i><b><a href="https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/.NET_Development_Foundation" class="extiw external" title="wikibooks:.NET Development Foundation">.NET Development Foundation</a></b></i></div></div>

</div>

<ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://msdn2.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms973217.aspx">ADO.NET for the ADO Programmer</a></li>

<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.devlist.com/ConnectionStringsPage.aspx">ADO.NET Connection Strings</a></li></ul>

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</style><div id=".NET630" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href=".NET" title=".NET">.NET</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>

<ul><li><a href="Microsoft_.NET_strategy" title="Microsoft .NET strategy">.NET strategy</a></li>

<li><a href="List_of_.NET_libraries_and_frameworks" title="List of .NET libraries and frameworks">Libraries and frameworks</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Implementations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<li><a href=".NET_Framework" title=".NET Framework">.NET Framework</a>

<ul><li><a href=".NET_Framework_version_history" title=".NET Framework version history">Version history</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href=".NET_Compact_Framework" title=".NET Compact Framework">.NET Compact Framework</a></li>

<li><a href=".NET_Micro_Framework" title=".NET Micro Framework">.NET Micro Framework</a></li>

<li><a href="DotGNU" title="DotGNU">DotGNU</a></li>

<li><a href="XNA_Framework" class="mw-redirect" title="XNA Framework">XNA Framework</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Software_architecture" title="Software architecture">Architecture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Common_Language_Runtime" title="Common Language Runtime">Common Language Runtime</a> (CLR)</li>

<li><a href="COM_Interop" title="COM Interop">COM Interop</a></li>

<li><a href="Framework_Class_Library" title="Framework Class Library">Framework Class Library</a> (FCL)</li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Software_component" title="Software component">Components</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Entity_Framework" title="Entity Framework">Entity Framework</a></li></ul></li>

<ul><li><a href="ASP.NET_Web_Forms" title="ASP.NET Web Forms">Web Forms</a></li>

<li><a href="ASP.NET_Dynamic_Data" title="ASP.NET Dynamic Data">Dynamic Data</a></li>

<li><a href="ASP.NET_Razor" title="ASP.NET Razor">Razor</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Avalonia_(software_framework)" title="Avalonia (software framework)">Avalonia</a></li>

<li><a href="ClickOnce" title="ClickOnce">ClickOnce</a></li>

<li><a href="Dynamic_Language_Runtime" title="Dynamic Language Runtime">Dynamic Language Runtime</a></li>

<li><a href="Extensible_Application_Markup_Language" title="Extensible Application Markup Language">Extensible Application Markup Language</a> (XAML)</li>

<li><a href="Language_Integrated_Query" title="Language Integrated Query">Language Integrated Query</a> (LINQ)</li>

<li><a href="Managed_Extensibility_Framework" title="Managed Extensibility Framework">Managed Extensibility Framework</a></li>

<li><a href="Microsoft_Silverlight" title="Microsoft Silverlight">Microsoft Silverlight</a></li>

<li><a href="Microsoft_XNA" title="Microsoft XNA">Microsoft XNA</a></li>

<li><a href="Parallel_Extensions" title="Parallel Extensions">Parallel Extensions</a></li>

<li><a href="Windows_Communication_Foundation" title="Windows Communication Foundation">Windows Communication Foundation</a> (WCF)

<ul><li><a href="WCF_Data_Services" title="WCF Data Services">WCF Data Services</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Windows_Forms" title="Windows Forms">Windows Forms</a> (WinForms)</li>

<li><a href="Windows_Identity_Foundation" title="Windows Identity Foundation">Windows Identity Foundation</a> (WIF)</li>

<li><a href="Windows_Presentation_Foundation" title="Windows Presentation Foundation">Windows Presentation Foundation</a> (WPF)</li>

<li><a href="Windows_Workflow_Foundation" title="Windows Workflow Foundation">Windows Workflow Foundation</a> (WF)</li>

<li><a href=".NET_Remoting" title=".NET Remoting">.NET Remoting</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Programming_tool" title="Programming tool">Tools</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Decompiler" title="Decompiler">Decompilers</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href=".NET_Reflector" title=".NET Reflector">.NET Reflector</a></li>

<li><a href="JetBrains" title="JetBrains">dotPeek</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Obfuscation_(software)" title="Obfuscation (software)">Obfuscators</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Dotfuscator" title="Dotfuscator">Dotfuscator</a></li>

<li><a href="Redgate" title="Redgate">SmartAssembly</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="CLR_Profiler" title="CLR Profiler">CLR Profiler</a></li>

<li><a href="ILAsm" title="ILAsm">ILAsm</a></li>

<li><a href=".NET_Compiler_Platform" class="mw-redirect" title=".NET Compiler Platform">.NET Compiler Platform</a></li>

<li><a href="Native_Image_Generator" title="Native Image Generator">Native Image Generator</a> (NGen)</li>

<li><a href="XAMLPad" class="mw-redirect" title="XAMLPad">XAMLPad</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Integrated_development_environment" title="Integrated development environment">IDEs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Microsoft_Visual_Studio" class="mw-redirect" title="Microsoft Visual Studio">Visual Studio</a>

<ul><li><a href="Microsoft_Blend" title="Microsoft Blend">Blend</a></li>

<li><a href="Microsoft_Visual_Studio_Express" title="Microsoft Visual Studio Express">Express</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="MonoDevelop" title="MonoDevelop">MonoDevelop</a></li>

<li><a href="SharpDevelop" title="SharpDevelop">SharpDevelop</a></li>

<li><a href="Xamarin_Studio" class="mw-redirect" title="Xamarin Studio">Xamarin Studio</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Organizations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href=".NET_Foundation" title=".NET Foundation">.NET Foundation</a></li>

<li><a href="Microsoft" title="Microsoft">Microsoft</a></li>

<li><a href="Xamarin" title="Xamarin">Xamarin</a></li></ul>

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<ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"></span></span> Category</li>

<li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Commons page"></span></span> <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:.NET" class="extiw external" title="commons:Category:.NET">Commons</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>

<div class="navbox-styles"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Microsoft_APIs_and_frameworks486" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Microsoft_APIs_and_frameworks486" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="List_of_Microsoft_Windows_application_programming_interfaces_and_frameworks" title="List of Microsoft Windows application programming interfaces and frameworks">Microsoft APIs and frameworks</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.2em">Graphics and UI</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Desktop_Window_Manager" title="Desktop Window Manager">Desktop Window Manager</a></li>

<li><a href="Direct2D" title="Direct2D">Direct2D</a></li>

<li><a href="Direct3D" title="Direct3D">Direct3D</a></li>

<li><a href="D3DX" title="D3DX">D3D (extensions)</a></li>

<li><a href="Microsoft_Silverlight" title="Microsoft Silverlight">Silverlight</a></li>

<li><a href="Windows_UI_Library" title="Windows UI Library">WinUI</a></li>

<li><a href="Windows_Color_System" title="Windows Color System">Windows Color System</a></li>

<li><a href="Windows_Image_Acquisition" title="Windows Image Acquisition">Windows Image Acquisition</a></li>

<li><a href="Windows_Imaging_Component" title="Windows Imaging Component">Windows Imaging Component</a></li>

<li><a href="DirectX_Graphics_Infrastructure" title="DirectX Graphics Infrastructure">DirectX Graphics Infrastructure (DXGI)</a></li>

<li><a href="Windows_Advanced_Rasterization_Platform" title="Windows Advanced Rasterization Platform">Windows Advanced Rasterization Platform</a></li>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.2em">Audio</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="DirectMusic" title="DirectMusic">DirectMusic</a></li>

<li><a href="DirectSound" title="DirectSound">DirectSound</a></li>

<li><a href="Microsoft_Speech_API" title="Microsoft Speech API">Speech API</a></li>

<li><a href="XAudio2" title="XAudio2">XAudio2</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.2em">Multimedia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="DirectX" title="DirectX">DirectX</a>

<ul><li><a href="DirectX_Media_Objects" class="mw-redirect" title="DirectX Media Objects">Media Objects</a></li>

<li><a href="DirectX_Video_Acceleration" title="DirectX Video Acceleration">Video Acceleration</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Xinput" class="mw-redirect" title="Xinput">Xinput</a></li>

<li><a href="DirectInput" title="DirectInput">DirectInput</a></li>

<li><a href="DirectShow" title="DirectShow">DirectShow</a></li>

<li><a href="Managed_DirectX" title="Managed DirectX">Managed DirectX</a></li>

<li><a href="Media_Foundation" title="Media Foundation">Media Foundation</a></li>

<li><a href="Windows_Media" title="Windows Media">Windows Media</a></li>

<li><a href="Video_for_Windows" title="Video for Windows">Video for Windows</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.2em">Web</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Trident_(software)" title="Trident (software)">MSHTML</a></li>

<li><a href="JScript" title="JScript">JScript</a></li>

<li><a href="VBScript" title="VBScript">VBScript</a></li>

<li><a href="Microsoft_Gadgets" title="Microsoft Gadgets">SideBar Gadgets</a></li>

<li><a href="TypeScript" title="TypeScript">TypeScript</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.2em">Data access</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Microsoft_Data_Access_Components" title="Microsoft Data Access Components">Data Access Components (MDAC)</a>

<li><a href="Extensible_Storage_Engine" title="Extensible Storage Engine">Extensible Storage Engine</a></li>

<li><a href="Entity_Framework" title="Entity Framework">Entity Framework</a></li>

<li><a href="Microsoft_Sync_Framework" title="Microsoft Sync Framework">Sync Framework</a></li>

<li><a href="Access_Database_Engine" title="Access Database Engine">Access Database Engine</a></li>

<li><a href="MSXML" title="MSXML">MSXML</a></li>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.2em">Networking</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Winsock" title="Winsock">Winsock</a>

<li><a href="Windows_Vista_networking_technologies#Winsock_Kernel" title="Windows Vista networking technologies">Winsock Kernel</a></li>

<li><a href="Windows_Filtering_Platform" title="Windows Filtering Platform">Filtering Platform</a></li>

<li><a href="Windows_Rally" title="Windows Rally">Windows Rally</a></li>

<li><a href="DirectPlay" title="DirectPlay">DirectPlay</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.2em">Communication</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="MAPI" title="MAPI">Messaging API</a></li>

<li><a href="Telephony_Application_Programming_Interface" title="Telephony Application Programming Interface">Telephony API</a></li>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.2em">Administration and<br>management</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Win32_console" class="mw-redirect" title="Win32 console">Win32 console</a></li>

<li><a href="Windows_Script_Host" title="Windows Script Host">Windows Script Host</a></li>

<li><a href="Windows_Management_Instrumentation" title="Windows Management Instrumentation">WMI (extensions)</a></li>

<li><a href="PowerShell" title="PowerShell">PowerShell</a></li>

<li><a href="Windows_Task_Scheduler" title="Windows Task Scheduler">Task Scheduler</a></li>

<li><a href="Windows_Vista_I/O_technologies#Offline_Files" title="Windows Vista I/O technologies">Offline Files</a></li>

<li><a href="Shadow_Copy" title="Shadow Copy">Shadow Copy</a></li>

<li><a href="Windows_Installer" title="Windows Installer">Windows Installer</a></li>

<li><a href="Windows_Error_Reporting" title="Windows Error Reporting">Error Reporting</a></li>

<li><a href="Event_Viewer#Windows_Event_Log" title="Event Viewer">Event Log</a></li>

<li><a href="Common_Log_File_System" title="Common Log File System">Common Log File System</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.2em"><a href="Component-based_software_engineering" title="Component-based software engineering">Component model</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<li><a href="ActiveX" title="ActiveX">ActiveX</a></li>

<li><a href="Distributed_Component_Object_Model" title="Distributed Component Object Model">Distributed Component Object Model</a></li>

<li><a href=".NET_Framework" title=".NET Framework">.NET Framework</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.2em"><a href="Library_(computing)" title="Library (computing)">Libraries</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Framework_Class_Library" title="Framework Class Library">Framework Class Library</a></li>

<li><a href="Microsoft_Foundation_Class_Library" title="Microsoft Foundation Class Library">Microsoft Foundation Classes (MFC)</a></li>

<li><a href="Active_Template_Library" title="Active Template Library">Active Template Library (ATL)</a></li>

<li><a href="Windows_Template_Library" title="Windows Template Library">Windows Template Library (WTL)</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.2em"><a href="Device_driver" title="Device driver">Device drivers</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.2em">Security</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Microsoft_CryptoAPI" title="Microsoft CryptoAPI">Crypto API</a>

<ul><li><a href="CAPICOM" title="CAPICOM">CAPICOM</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Windows_CardSpace" title="Windows CardSpace">Windows CardSpace</a></li>

<li><a href="Data_Protection_API" title="Data Protection API">Data Protection API</a></li>

<li><a href="Security_Support_Provider_Interface" title="Security Support Provider Interface">Security Support Provider Interface (SSPI)</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.2em"><a href=".NET_Framework" title=".NET Framework">.NET</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<li><a href=".NET_Remoting" title=".NET Remoting">Remoting</a></li>

<li><a href="Microsoft_Silverlight" title="Microsoft Silverlight">Silverlight</a></li>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.2em"><a href="Software_Factory_(Microsoft_.NET)" class="mw-redirect" title="Software Factory (Microsoft .NET)">Software factories</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Microsoft_Enterprise_Library" title="Microsoft Enterprise Library">Enterprise Library</a></li>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.2em"><a href="Inter-process_communication" title="Inter-process communication">IPC</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Microsoft_RPC" title="Microsoft RPC">MSRPC</a></li>

<li><a href="Dynamic_Data_Exchange" title="Dynamic Data Exchange">Dynamic Data Exchange (DDE)</a></li>

<li><a href=".NET_Remoting" title=".NET Remoting">Remoting</a></li>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.2em">Accessibility</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Microsoft_Active_Accessibility" title="Microsoft Active Accessibility">Active Accessibility</a></li>

<li><a href="Microsoft_UI_Automation" title="Microsoft UI Automation">UI Automation</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.2em">Text and multilingual<br>support</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="DirectWrite" title="DirectWrite">DirectWrite</a></li>

<li><a href="Text_Services_Framework" title="Text Services Framework">Text Services Framework</a></li>

<li><a href="Text_Object_Model" title="Text Object Model">Text Object Model</a></li>

<li><a href="Input_method" title="Input method">Input method editor</a></li>

<li><a href="Language_Interface_Pack" title="Language Interface Pack">Language Interface Pack</a></li>

<li><a href="Multilingual_User_Interface" title="Multilingual User Interface">Multilingual User Interface</a></li>

<li><a href="Uniscribe" title="Uniscribe">Uniscribe</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>

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